Beowulf and Grendel Essay Example for Free

Beowulf and Grendel Essay The movement utilized for the film, Beowulf was essentially wonderful. I thought the characters were human however sooner or later, I saw that they move distinctively so I discovered that it was really a movement caught film, similar to the ones utilized in Polar Express and Monster House. The impacts were acceptable, and the characters truly resembled the entertainers who played them. It’s astounding what innovation can do nowadays. With respect to the story, I think a few scenes are extremely fierce and merciless. Like the part when Grendel, the beast, tore the head of one of the troopers and ate it, it was sickening. A few sections were likewise evaluated PG. ut in general, I think the plot was acceptable. The character of Beowulf was valiant and bold. From the earliest starting point of the story, we would already be able to tell that he is a legend and that he rehearses the code of respect (whatever that is). He was eager to forfeit himself to spare his kin and the realm. I think he is likewise astute as the ruler. He didn’t battle the trooper who was attempting to murder him, rather, send him off saying â€Å"He has a story to tell†. Be that as it may, the heroes additionally have some low qualities. For one, he didn’t think about the results when he yielded to Grendel’s mother’s propels. He additionally deceived lord Hrothgar and his kin when he disclosed to them that he murdered Grendel’s mother. He did all that just with the goal that he could have riches and the crown. I additionally didn’t like the way that he took a special lady, when his better half was still there. I think Queen Wealtheow is a shrewd and delightful sovereign, what more would he be able to request? Likewise, I think Ursula, the mistress, didn’t truly love Beowulf. She was simply submitting herself to him since he is obviously, the lord. I think the chronicled precision was acceptable, the outfit and the customs; they even had the correct accents.

Students Internet Essay Example for Free

Understudies Internet Essay The Positives and Negatives of the Increased Use of The Internet for Students The Internet is a ground-breaking asset that gives individuals access to a universe of data rapidly and without any problem. Since its presentation it has been a significant learning instrument for understudies and have changed the instructing and learning experience. One of the upsides of the Internet for understudies is that it furnishes them with an examination apparatus that is all the more rapidly and effectively ready to get to various data and media sources. Giving this data is utilized properly it can give them learning encounters that they couldn't have immediately gotten to in a customary library setting. The Internet likewise permits understudies to connect with specialists and with each other. Through this instrument they can pose each other inquiries, share information and thoughts and counsel experts to realize what they need. On the negative side the web has made an open door for understudies to get to sources that of data that may not generally be exact and in this manner may mislead their learning. Notwithstanding this understudies might be enticed to make work they found on the Internet look like their own and along these lines submit counterfeited bits of work. Instructors can confirm work anyway utilizing on the web devices, for example, â€Å"turn it in†. A further issue with the utilization of the Internet is the danger of understudies getting to wrong locales or reaching offensive people, this is something that should be firmly observed. In general I accept that, if it is overseen in a fitting way, the Internet is a viable learning instrument. Understudies have an abundance of data readily available and access to such information can be an extremely positive thing.

Question about Essay Questions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Question about Essay Questions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Question about Essay Questions At this time of year, we start looking at the freshman application, and what need need to tweak/alter for following years. We often debate back and forth about our four short essay questions (150-200 words), and what we could ask that is creative yet specific, allows for an applicant to share more about themselves, but does not get too pretentious. I am now throwing this question out to you, high school students, to see what short essay question(s) you would like us to ask on the application? Be creative, share your ideas, and maybe we will use your question on next years application. Thanks, and Go Dawgs!

6 Outstanding 1 Minute Speech Examples to Take After

Preparing and giving a one minute speech can be just the trick for learning to communicate efficiently and effectively. With only one minute to speak about any topic under the sun, every word you say counts. Your professor may use this method as a fun way to help you practice your communication skills, more specifically your ability to think on your toes, express a point of view, captivate an audience and become comfortable speaking in public. Take a look at 6 of the best samples of 1 minute speeches below: Jim Carrey. A small sample from this commencement address shows an excellent combination of elements that make for a great speech. Not only does he speak generally about motivation and following dreams, he uses personal examples and stories that truly engage listeners. Kudos Jim! Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vU5jh858ZU Steve Jobs. In a moving one minute motivational speech, Steve Jobs explores why we should love what we do. He urges his listeners to follow their heart. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJCXwxvLNkY Nick Vujicic. This inspiring speaker urges his audience to do more than they believe is possible. Many people if faced with Vujicic’s physical disabilities might give up, but Vujicic reminds us not to say â€Å"I can’t do it†, but â€Å"How can I do it?† This is a great example of someone speaking from the heart – one of the keys to success in a one minute speech. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5Q02YX2VTw Ronald Reagan. After the Challenger explosion, Reagan addressed the nation with a beautiful speech to lead the nation after this very saddening event. Although short, this speech acknowledges the mourning of a nation. Reagan showed his humanity and strength to a nation who needed a leader. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qoQlkFryriQ Rocky Balboa. Even movie characters have great speeches. This â€Å"up and at ’em† inspirational speech that Balboa gives to his son in the movie is spot on. It’s to the point and makes you want to get up and fight for what you want. This speech inspires action. It’s raw and real with a great metaphor to capture his son’s attention (note – speech begins at minute 2:00 in the video). Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mk82j1jQw_8 Josh Light. This quick speech known as an â€Å"elevator pitch† used to propose a business idea to potential clients is very engaging and easy to follow. This is an important kind of a speech to master, as most of us have to explain our professional work at some point or another. Notice the movement and engaging body language used to captivate the audience. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6O98o2FRHwebc Use these great examples to find inspiration for your own one minute speech. As in all of these examples, speaking about an issue that is important to you and speaking from the heart are two of the most important elements. Get started practicing your speech today!

The Issue Of Income Inequality And Minimum Wage - 1179 Words

Some say that money is the root of all evil, but at the same time, very few can argue against the fact that money makes the world go round. The United States is one of the wealthiest nations in the World, and while the economic situation in the United States is much better than that of China or India, money, or the lack thereof, is one of the biggest issues plaguing the Unites States of America. One of the key issues that have risen in recent times on the media is the widening wage gap between the rich and the poor, and the debate on whether or not an increase in minimum wage could solve the problem. While the whole nation would like to solve the issue of income inequality and minimum wage, the focus of this argumentative paper will be on the state of California. An increase in minimum wage should be adopted since everyone deserves to earn a livable age, especially when the reality of the economic situation in America points to the fact that the gap in income between the rich and the poor is greater than ever before. Some of the reasons why the minimum wage should be increased in California is because the minimum wage is not substantial enough to meet the living costs of California, there is plenty of wealth to go around for all to share, and the minimum wage has not kept up with the growing inflation and worker productivity. California in particular is quite an expensive place to live in so an increase in minimum wage is definitely needed. The cost of living inShow MoreRelatedWage Gap Between The Middle Class And The Upper Class1441 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Wage is a topic that is constantly covered in the media. One big issue is the growing wage gap between the middle class and the upper class. While minimum wage increases are considered a good method to reduce income inequality, they are controversial since many business owners and economists argue that they increase the unemployment rate. Impact of minimum wage on employment One concern that is commonly mentioned during the debate on raising minimum wage is the loss of employment asRead More Increasing the Minimum Wage Will Reduce Income Inequality Essay1252 Words   |  6 PagesNo person can maximize the American Dream on the minimum wage. -- Benjamin Todd Jealous No family gets rich from earning the minimum wage. In fact, the current minimum wage does not even lift a family out of poverty. -- Jon Corzine Income inequality has been a major problem facing American society for decades, but has recently become a major concern. I personally believe the major gap between the income of the rich and poor is a not just, but is not a major concern for the governmentRead MoreEffects Of Income Inequality1038 Words   |  5 PagesEquality is one of the biggest concerns in most societies. Independent of philosophy, culture, or religion, the society always care about this growing issue. Inequalities are shown in diverse ways by people’s position in the distribution of wealth or income but could also be related to other characteristics like having a disability, different ethnicity or background or gender. In the 2005 World Development Report elaborated by the World Bank, it is stated: â€Å"We now have considerable evidence thatRead MoreThe Problem Of The Wage Gap944 Words   |  4 PagesThe wage gap is one of the most important issues that needs to be discussed and solved in contemporary society. Out of all the developed countries the United States of America has the largest wealth inequality, similar to countries such as Mexico and Malaysia. The United States is very dependent on its currency, without it then you are almost unable to live. Healthcare is free in most other developed countries while in the United States you are forced to literally pay for your life if the situationRead MoreInequality : Inequality And Poverty1729 Words   |  7 Pages Inequality and poverty exist in our society because wealth and opportunity are inherited. If we all entered the world with an equal amount of resources, some would still rise above others but everyone would get the same chance to succeed in life. Since greed is one of the norms of our society, and wealth is passed from generation to generation, there will always be inequality and poverty. The system of wealth and inequality is actually pretty simple. It all boils down to a few things what youRead MoreMinimum Wage Laws For The United States Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesThe minimum wage is the mandated price floor paid on hourly or daily basis for the employees regulated by the government or the union. In â€Å"Federal Minimum Wage†, New Zealand and Australia enacted the first minimum wage law during the late 19th century to prevent employers’ exploitation of workers. In 1912, Massachusetts passed the first minimum wage legislation in the US that was enforced for wom en and children, and fifteen more states followed in the next eleven years. However, the Supreme CourtRead MoreShould Minimum Wage Be Increased?1691 Words   |  7 PagesShould Minimum Wage be Increased? Introduction The term, â€Å"minimum wage† refers to a lowest payment that an employer is bound to pay to its workers. Today minimum wage is made compulsory in more than ninety percent of nations including Canada where workers are demanding to increase minimum wages for a long time. Minimum wages are revised by governments in order to met growing needs of workers. There is a difference of opinion on the issue of increasing minimum wages among people of Canada. EmployersRead MoreIncreasing Minimum Wage For Women And Young Employees901 Words   |  4 Pagesto pay gap. Although there are a considerable amount of solutions being applied to eliminate the issue of gender pay gap such as protective laws by the government, there would still exist several remaining problems concerning pay discrimination. This essay is going to discuss whether or not the solution of increasing minimum wage for women and young employees could reduce the issue of income inequality such that it would improve all salar ies from different occupations, help single mothers to supportRead MoreThe Impact Of A Minimum Wage Increase1153 Words   |  5 PagesImpact of a Minimum Wage Increase Who gets paid the minimum wage? Well, at some point in our lives we all have been paid the minimum wage. But who are those people earning the minimum wage right at this moment? These are the people who have menial jobs. They work in restaurants, retail stores, bars, and maintenance services (OEA, 9). In 2014, the city of San Francisco proposed an initiative indicating that it would raise the minimum wage to $15 by 2018 (Ballotpedia). So would a typical low-wage workerRead MoreMicroeconomics : Income Inequality For Fast Foodservice Industry1289 Words   |  6 PagesMicroeconomics: Income Inequality for Fast Foodservice Industry Income inequality is a very important concept to talk about when we really go deep into microeconomics. In the United States alone there are sectors that have income inequality that has been in our headline news for the past years, and to top off the list would be fast foodservice. There has been a lot of studies that looked into CEO-to-worker compensation ratios across all labor forces that show fast foodservice industry is the most

Instructional Materials in english Free Essays

string(51) " variety Of the author’s ideas on the topic\." At the end of this module, you are expected to write a reflective essay which ill be graded based on criteria presented at the latter part of the module. As you do the following tasks, you will be guided by the essential question. â€Å"How are preferences, feelings, and insights communicated in a reflective essay? Welcome to Module 2! Johanna Mae Y. We will write a custom essay sample on Instructional Materials in english or any similar topic only for you Order Now Arena Activity 1: What lies beneath the Ink? Below are questions you have to answer. Each question represents a concept or idea which is about to be discussed in this module. Don’t leave any item unanswered! From â€Å"Once More Eremite† by Vaccination De la Tore 1 . Before the International Monetary’ Fund (MIFF) conference, which â€Å"sprouted† there live-star hotels. Manila Hilton was the place to be seen at. 2. Noted journalist Carmen Guerdon Nanking, who is a native of Eremite, points out that Eremite was then a Toga Village peopled by free, energetic and handsome Malay who drank whine, wore gold bangles and treated each other and the Spanish newcomers with exquisite courtesy. 3. Those, whose beliefs in religion, in life, in just anything are unorthodox, air their views in Eremite’s Coffee Shops. 1-9 For items 1-9, do the following: 1. Underline the antecedent used in the statement. . Circle the relative pronoun; and Underline the relative clause twice. 3. 1-3 Before the International Monetary Fund (MIFF) conference, which â€Å"sprouted† other five-star hotels, Manila Hilton was the place to be seen at. Noted journalist Carmen Guerdon Nanking, who is a native of Eremite, points out that Eremite was then a Toga Vi llage peopled by free, energetic and 7-9 Those, whose beliefs in religion, in life, in just anything are unorthodox, air 10. A type of essay which aims to reflect on a personal event or experienced of the author called a a. Persuasive essay b. Reflective essay c. Narrative essay d. Harasser sketch Johanna Mae Y. Erne 2 Processing points This activity will not be recorded, however your score is important to diagnose whether you have background knowledge of the topic. Activity 2: Reflective Circles What is a reflective essay? Try to dissect the idea using the Venn diagram below: Reflection Essay 3 Activity 3: Photo Reflection Below are interesting pictures that have to do with activities (both academic and leisure) in school. Fill out the table below. Write whatnot remember the most about the pictures. Fill out the table below: What is the picture all about? What does the picture remind you of? Activity 4: Transport Below are comments about transportation vehicles. Write the transport talked about. (motor vehicle, plane, boat, train, tricycle, etc. ) Put a plus mark (+), if the remark made positive one or put a minus sign G) if it is a negative one or a statement of disapproval. a. My goodness! The noise it makes before it takes off is deafening because it has to gather speed so it can get off the ground. B. I’ll take this ride anytime. It is big. It does not rock with the waves. Besides that, it is very comfortable just like a floating hotel. C. Those smoke belching vehicles should be banned from the streets. They pollute the air. Moreover they endanger our health. D. That power steering device makes driving very comfortable because the driver does not have to shift gears anymore. The machine helps him do it. 4 e. This is the fastest and cheapest way to travel. It’s fast for it has its own tracks to run on, hence it does not get caught up in traffic. F. They tie up traffic; not only that, they are also very noisy. They should be allowed only on the side streets. Isn’t it dangerous to go out to sea in that craft since it has only one outrigger? Won’t it capsize in rough seas because it is not balanced? Activity 5: COHO -COHO train! Read the following questions. Copy your answers in your notebook. 1. What is the modern-day train model? 2. How does it differ from the other means of land travel? 3. What advantages does a train have over other land transports? 4. What are some of the disadvantages? 5. What comes into your mind when you hear the word train? Write your answers in the graphic organizer below. 5 Activity 6: The Question is Fill out the chart below. Important question about reflective essay Next important question Third important Least important Processing point C] Why is it your most important question? Activity 7: Check My Question! You have selected the most important question in Activity 6, now it is time to make an evaluation of your chosen question using the checklist below: Write your question here: Start evaluating your chosen question here: Characteristics of Essential Question Expressed Not Expressed . It has no simple â€Å"right† answer. It could be argue d. 2. 3. It provokes critical thinking. 4. It raises other important questions. It is related to life. 5. Are all the characteristics expressed in your chosen question? If so, then your question is an essential question! If not, try selecting another question and repeat the process enumerated in this activity. The correct answer is â€Å"How are preferences, feelings, and insights communicated in a reflective essay? 7 Reflective essay is a type of essay aimed to reflect personal event or experience Of the author. The main condition is that it has to be a certain personal experience on which the author expresses his very own perception about life. This experience or event is revealed in the essay in order to demonstrate its importance for understanding social relations and the essence of people. Structure of a Reflective Essay Here is a probable scheme of a reflective essay: ; The aim of the opening paragraph is to get the reader involved in the authors expression of ideas including interesting details and personal experiences. The style must be very vivid and must appeal to the reader. ; The middle part reveals a good variety Of the author’s ideas on the topic. You read "Instructional Materials in english" in category "Papers" ; The concluding sentences summarize the main ideas and experiences highlighted in the essay. The author makes a reflection of his general perception of the given topic. The introductory paragraph is used for describing the background of your topic, your role in it, and the reasons for choosing it. It is also important to mention your aim and goals for developing the reflective essay writing. In the u porting paragraphs you will explain the process of working on the reflective essay from its initial research to the final stages. Be sure to pay attention to both the weak and strong points; positive and negative experiences and any associated feelings. 8 To conclude your reflective essay efficiently, answer these questions: ; Did you achieve your goals? What would you like to change if you had another chance? ; What useful expertise have you obtained from the task? ; How could it be improved? Activity 8: Vocabulary in a Flash Below are phrases you will encounter while reading the essay ‘ ‘The World in a Train † by Francisco Casino. What do you mean by a. Small world b. Abstraction called humanity c. Without regard to hygiene d. Hard- fought battle e. Fashion so distasteful complete indifference 9 One Sunday I entrained for Baling, a town in Vulcan which can well afford to hold two fiestas a year without a qualm. Kook the train partly because am prejudiced in favor of the government owned railroad, partly because I am allowed comparative comfort in a coach, and finally because trains sometimes leave and arrive according to schedule. In the coach I found a little world, a section of the abstraction called humanity homo we are supposed to love and live for. Had previously arranged to divide the idle hour or so between cultivating my neglected Christianity and smoothing out the rough edges of my nature with the aid of grateful sights without -? the rolling wheels, the flying huts and trees and light-green play seedlings and carbons along the way. Inertia, I suppose, and the sort of reality we moderns know make falling in love with my immediate neighbors often a matter of severe strain and effort to me. Let me give a sketchy picture of the little world whose company Mans Koki shared in moments which soon passed away affecting most of us. First, there came to my notice three husky individuals who dusted their seats furiously with their handkerchiefs without regard to hygiene or the brotherhood of men. It gave me no little annoyance that on such a quiet morning the unpleasant aspects in other people’s ways should claim my attention. Then there was a harmless-looking middle-aged man in green camas De chino with rolled sleeves who must have entered asleep. When I noticed him he was already snuggly entrenched in a corner seat, with his slipped feet comfortably planted on the opposite seat, all the while his head danced and dangled with the motion of the train. I could not, for the love of me, imagine how he would look if he were awake. A child of six in the next seat must have shared with me in speculating about the dreams of this sleeping man in green. Was he dreaming of the Second World War or the price of eggs? Had he any worries about the permanent dominion status or the final outcome of the struggles of the masses, or was it merely the arrangement of the scales on a fighting roaster’s legs that brought that frown on his face? But the party that most engaged my attention was a family of eight composed of a short but efficient father, four very young children, mother, grandmother, and another woman who must have been the efficient father’s sister. They distributed themselves on four benches – you know the kind of seats facing each other so that half the passengers travel backward. The more I looked at the short but young and efficient father the shorter his parts looked to me. His movements were fast and short, too. He removed his coat, folded it carefully and slung it on the back of his seat. Then he pulled out his wallet from the hip pocket and counted his money while his wife and the rest of his group watched the ritual without a word. Then the short, young, and efficient father stood up and pulled out two nana leaf bundles from a bamboo basket and spread out both bundles on one bench and log luncheon was ready at ten o’clock. With the efficient father leading the charge, the children (except the baby in his grandmother’s arms) began to dig away with little encouragement and aid from the elders. In a short while the skirmish was over, the enemy – shrimps, omelet, rice and tomato sauce – were routed out, save for a few shrimps and some rice left for the grandmother to handle in her own style later. Then came the water- fetching ritual. The father, with a glass in hand, led the march to the train acute, followed by three children whose faces still showed the marks of a hard-fought-battle. In passing between me and a person, then engaged in a casual conversation with me, the short but efficient father made a courteous gesture which is still good to see in these democratic days; he bent from the hips and, dropping both hands, made an opening in the air between my collector and me – a gesture which in unspoiled places means â€Å"Excuse Me. 10 In one of the stations where the train stopped, a bent old woman in black boarded the train. As it moved away, the old woman went about the coach, egging holding every prospective Samaritan by the arm, and stretching forth her gnarled hand in the familiar fashion So distasteful to me at that time. There is something in begging which destroys some fiber in most men. â€Å"Every time you drop a penny into a beggar’s palm you hel p degrade a man and make it more difficult for him to rise with dignity.. There was something in his beggar’s eye which seemed to demand. â€Å"Now do your duty. † And did. Wily-nil I dropped a coin and thereby filled my life with repulsion. Is this Christianity? â€Å"Blessed are the poor But with what speed did that bent old Oman cross the platform into the next coach! While thus engaged in unwholesome thought, felt myself jerked as the train made a curve to the right. The toddler of the family of eight lost his balance and caught the short but efficient father off-guard. In an instant all his efficiency was employed in collecting the shrieking toddler from under his seat. The child had, in no time, developed two elongated bumps on the head, upon which was applied a moist piece of cloth. There were no reproaches, no words spoken. The discipline in the family was remarkable, or was it because they considered the head as a minor anatomical appendage and was Hereford nor worth the fuss? Occasionally, when the child’s crying rose above the din of the locomotive and the clinkers-clank of the wheels on the rails, the father would jog about a bit without blushing, look at the bumps on his child’s head, shake his own, and move his lips saying, â€Å"Task, Task†. And nothing more. Fairly tired of assuming the minor responsibilities of my neighbors in this little world in motion, I looked into the distant horizon where the blue Cordilleras merged into the blue of the sky. There rested my thoughts upon the billowing silver and grey of the clouds, lightly remarking upon their being a Arial to us, although they may not know it. We each would mind our own business and suffer in silence for the littlest mistakes of others; laughing at their ways if we happened to be in a position to suspend our emotion and view the whole scene as a god would; or, we could weep for other men if we are the mood to shed copious tears over the whole tragic aspect of a world thrown out of joint. It is strange how human sympathy operates. We assume an attitude of complete indifference to utter strangers whom we have seen but not met. We claim that they are the hardest to fall in love with in the normal exercise of Christian charity. How to cite Instructional Materials in english, Papers

Instructional Materials in english Free Essays

string(51) " variety Of the author’s ideas on the topic\." At the end of this module, you are expected to write a reflective essay which ill be graded based on criteria presented at the latter part of the module. As you do the following tasks, you will be guided by the essential question. â€Å"How are preferences, feelings, and insights communicated in a reflective essay? Welcome to Module 2! Johanna Mae Y. We will write a custom essay sample on Instructional Materials in english or any similar topic only for you Order Now Arena Activity 1: What lies beneath the Ink? Below are questions you have to answer. Each question represents a concept or idea which is about to be discussed in this module. Don’t leave any item unanswered! From â€Å"Once More Eremite† by Vaccination De la Tore 1 . Before the International Monetary’ Fund (MIFF) conference, which â€Å"sprouted† there live-star hotels. Manila Hilton was the place to be seen at. 2. Noted journalist Carmen Guerdon Nanking, who is a native of Eremite, points out that Eremite was then a Toga Village peopled by free, energetic and handsome Malay who drank whine, wore gold bangles and treated each other and the Spanish newcomers with exquisite courtesy. 3. Those, whose beliefs in religion, in life, in just anything are unorthodox, air their views in Eremite’s Coffee Shops. 1-9 For items 1-9, do the following: 1. Underline the antecedent used in the statement. . Circle the relative pronoun; and Underline the relative clause twice. 3. 1-3 Before the International Monetary Fund (MIFF) conference, which â€Å"sprouted† other five-star hotels, Manila Hilton was the place to be seen at. Noted journalist Carmen Guerdon Nanking, who is a native of Eremite, points out that Eremite was then a Toga Vi llage peopled by free, energetic and 7-9 Those, whose beliefs in religion, in life, in just anything are unorthodox, air 10. A type of essay which aims to reflect on a personal event or experienced of the author called a a. Persuasive essay b. Reflective essay c. Narrative essay d. Harasser sketch Johanna Mae Y. Erne 2 Processing points This activity will not be recorded, however your score is important to diagnose whether you have background knowledge of the topic. Activity 2: Reflective Circles What is a reflective essay? Try to dissect the idea using the Venn diagram below: Reflection Essay 3 Activity 3: Photo Reflection Below are interesting pictures that have to do with activities (both academic and leisure) in school. Fill out the table below. Write whatnot remember the most about the pictures. Fill out the table below: What is the picture all about? What does the picture remind you of? Activity 4: Transport Below are comments about transportation vehicles. Write the transport talked about. (motor vehicle, plane, boat, train, tricycle, etc. ) Put a plus mark (+), if the remark made positive one or put a minus sign G) if it is a negative one or a statement of disapproval. a. My goodness! The noise it makes before it takes off is deafening because it has to gather speed so it can get off the ground. B. I’ll take this ride anytime. It is big. It does not rock with the waves. Besides that, it is very comfortable just like a floating hotel. C. Those smoke belching vehicles should be banned from the streets. They pollute the air. Moreover they endanger our health. D. That power steering device makes driving very comfortable because the driver does not have to shift gears anymore. The machine helps him do it. 4 e. This is the fastest and cheapest way to travel. It’s fast for it has its own tracks to run on, hence it does not get caught up in traffic. F. They tie up traffic; not only that, they are also very noisy. They should be allowed only on the side streets. Isn’t it dangerous to go out to sea in that craft since it has only one outrigger? Won’t it capsize in rough seas because it is not balanced? Activity 5: COHO -COHO train! Read the following questions. Copy your answers in your notebook. 1. What is the modern-day train model? 2. How does it differ from the other means of land travel? 3. What advantages does a train have over other land transports? 4. What are some of the disadvantages? 5. What comes into your mind when you hear the word train? Write your answers in the graphic organizer below. 5 Activity 6: The Question is Fill out the chart below. Important question about reflective essay Next important question Third important Least important Processing point C] Why is it your most important question? Activity 7: Check My Question! You have selected the most important question in Activity 6, now it is time to make an evaluation of your chosen question using the checklist below: Write your question here: Start evaluating your chosen question here: Characteristics of Essential Question Expressed Not Expressed . It has no simple â€Å"right† answer. It could be argue d. 2. 3. It provokes critical thinking. 4. It raises other important questions. It is related to life. 5. Are all the characteristics expressed in your chosen question? If so, then your question is an essential question! If not, try selecting another question and repeat the process enumerated in this activity. The correct answer is â€Å"How are preferences, feelings, and insights communicated in a reflective essay? 7 Reflective essay is a type of essay aimed to reflect personal event or experience Of the author. The main condition is that it has to be a certain personal experience on which the author expresses his very own perception about life. This experience or event is revealed in the essay in order to demonstrate its importance for understanding social relations and the essence of people. Structure of a Reflective Essay Here is a probable scheme of a reflective essay: ; The aim of the opening paragraph is to get the reader involved in the authors expression of ideas including interesting details and personal experiences. The style must be very vivid and must appeal to the reader. ; The middle part reveals a good variety Of the author’s ideas on the topic. You read "Instructional Materials in english" in category "Papers" ; The concluding sentences summarize the main ideas and experiences highlighted in the essay. The author makes a reflection of his general perception of the given topic. The introductory paragraph is used for describing the background of your topic, your role in it, and the reasons for choosing it. It is also important to mention your aim and goals for developing the reflective essay writing. In the u porting paragraphs you will explain the process of working on the reflective essay from its initial research to the final stages. Be sure to pay attention to both the weak and strong points; positive and negative experiences and any associated feelings. 8 To conclude your reflective essay efficiently, answer these questions: ; Did you achieve your goals? What would you like to change if you had another chance? ; What useful expertise have you obtained from the task? ; How could it be improved? Activity 8: Vocabulary in a Flash Below are phrases you will encounter while reading the essay ‘ ‘The World in a Train † by Francisco Casino. What do you mean by a. Small world b. Abstraction called humanity c. Without regard to hygiene d. Hard- fought battle e. Fashion so distasteful complete indifference 9 One Sunday I entrained for Baling, a town in Vulcan which can well afford to hold two fiestas a year without a qualm. Kook the train partly because am prejudiced in favor of the government owned railroad, partly because I am allowed comparative comfort in a coach, and finally because trains sometimes leave and arrive according to schedule. In the coach I found a little world, a section of the abstraction called humanity homo we are supposed to love and live for. Had previously arranged to divide the idle hour or so between cultivating my neglected Christianity and smoothing out the rough edges of my nature with the aid of grateful sights without -? the rolling wheels, the flying huts and trees and light-green play seedlings and carbons along the way. Inertia, I suppose, and the sort of reality we moderns know make falling in love with my immediate neighbors often a matter of severe strain and effort to me. Let me give a sketchy picture of the little world whose company Mans Koki shared in moments which soon passed away affecting most of us. First, there came to my notice three husky individuals who dusted their seats furiously with their handkerchiefs without regard to hygiene or the brotherhood of men. It gave me no little annoyance that on such a quiet morning the unpleasant aspects in other people’s ways should claim my attention. Then there was a harmless-looking middle-aged man in green camas De chino with rolled sleeves who must have entered asleep. When I noticed him he was already snuggly entrenched in a corner seat, with his slipped feet comfortably planted on the opposite seat, all the while his head danced and dangled with the motion of the train. I could not, for the love of me, imagine how he would look if he were awake. A child of six in the next seat must have shared with me in speculating about the dreams of this sleeping man in green. Was he dreaming of the Second World War or the price of eggs? Had he any worries about the permanent dominion status or the final outcome of the struggles of the masses, or was it merely the arrangement of the scales on a fighting roaster’s legs that brought that frown on his face? But the party that most engaged my attention was a family of eight composed of a short but efficient father, four very young children, mother, grandmother, and another woman who must have been the efficient father’s sister. They distributed themselves on four benches – you know the kind of seats facing each other so that half the passengers travel backward. The more I looked at the short but young and efficient father the shorter his parts looked to me. His movements were fast and short, too. He removed his coat, folded it carefully and slung it on the back of his seat. Then he pulled out his wallet from the hip pocket and counted his money while his wife and the rest of his group watched the ritual without a word. Then the short, young, and efficient father stood up and pulled out two nana leaf bundles from a bamboo basket and spread out both bundles on one bench and log luncheon was ready at ten o’clock. With the efficient father leading the charge, the children (except the baby in his grandmother’s arms) began to dig away with little encouragement and aid from the elders. In a short while the skirmish was over, the enemy – shrimps, omelet, rice and tomato sauce – were routed out, save for a few shrimps and some rice left for the grandmother to handle in her own style later. Then came the water- fetching ritual. The father, with a glass in hand, led the march to the train acute, followed by three children whose faces still showed the marks of a hard-fought-battle. In passing between me and a person, then engaged in a casual conversation with me, the short but efficient father made a courteous gesture which is still good to see in these democratic days; he bent from the hips and, dropping both hands, made an opening in the air between my collector and me – a gesture which in unspoiled places means â€Å"Excuse Me. 10 In one of the stations where the train stopped, a bent old woman in black boarded the train. As it moved away, the old woman went about the coach, egging holding every prospective Samaritan by the arm, and stretching forth her gnarled hand in the familiar fashion So distasteful to me at that time. There is something in begging which destroys some fiber in most men. â€Å"Every time you drop a penny into a beggar’s palm you hel p degrade a man and make it more difficult for him to rise with dignity.. There was something in his beggar’s eye which seemed to demand. â€Å"Now do your duty. † And did. Wily-nil I dropped a coin and thereby filled my life with repulsion. Is this Christianity? â€Å"Blessed are the poor But with what speed did that bent old Oman cross the platform into the next coach! While thus engaged in unwholesome thought, felt myself jerked as the train made a curve to the right. The toddler of the family of eight lost his balance and caught the short but efficient father off-guard. In an instant all his efficiency was employed in collecting the shrieking toddler from under his seat. The child had, in no time, developed two elongated bumps on the head, upon which was applied a moist piece of cloth. There were no reproaches, no words spoken. The discipline in the family was remarkable, or was it because they considered the head as a minor anatomical appendage and was Hereford nor worth the fuss? Occasionally, when the child’s crying rose above the din of the locomotive and the clinkers-clank of the wheels on the rails, the father would jog about a bit without blushing, look at the bumps on his child’s head, shake his own, and move his lips saying, â€Å"Task, Task†. And nothing more. Fairly tired of assuming the minor responsibilities of my neighbors in this little world in motion, I looked into the distant horizon where the blue Cordilleras merged into the blue of the sky. There rested my thoughts upon the billowing silver and grey of the clouds, lightly remarking upon their being a Arial to us, although they may not know it. We each would mind our own business and suffer in silence for the littlest mistakes of others; laughing at their ways if we happened to be in a position to suspend our emotion and view the whole scene as a god would; or, we could weep for other men if we are the mood to shed copious tears over the whole tragic aspect of a world thrown out of joint. It is strange how human sympathy operates. We assume an attitude of complete indifference to utter strangers whom we have seen but not met. We claim that they are the hardest to fall in love with in the normal exercise of Christian charity. How to cite Instructional Materials in english, Papers

Marketing Intelligence and Planning Survey †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Intelligence and Planning Survey. Answer: Introduction A service company is a firm with a specialty in delivering processes and experiences that are intangible to their clients such as hotels, health, and transportation companies. Services marketing mix is the combination of some elements that are used by enterprises in services industries to communicate organizational and brand message to customers (Rafiq, 2016, pp.4). The 7Ps identified in the case are discussed below. Developing the right product is at the core of the success of any organization. There is a need identifying process and hatching a product with the good quality, and that which satisfies the need. The product in the case study is the dentistry services. Dr. Beckett new facility is revamped and well furnished with modern decoration, technology, and furniture. The technical equipment is advanced, look new and spotlessly clean. The presence of art of state facility is critical for marketing of her business due to the comfort and perceived quality. The firm, therefore, gains a reputation and brand of high quality and gains traction as a result (Hunt and Goolsby, 2011). Promotion is essentially the mode that a company communicates its core business and what it offers to its potential clients. For it to achieve its intended task, promotion ought to be appealing and command attention. Dr. Beckett's dental practice facility has an element of quality and class in all its processes and procedure and not forgetting its premises (Rodrguez, Rabanal and Rubio, 2017, pp. 178196). The facility provides its customers with excellent before, during and post procedural treatments. The firm has the mission statement visibly portrayed on the wall of the waiting room that communicates the intention of the business to its customers thereby selling the business (Blythe, 2009). The mission reads in part, It's our goal to provide superior dentistry I an efficient, profitable manner within the confines of the caring, quality environment.'' The facility also treats its patients to special offers and post procedural treatment. The patients are given thank you cards and follow up calls after procedures; a caring act meant to tighten the relationship between them and the dental team (Wilson, 2012). Patients are also given goodie boxes containing items critical for proper dental care like toothbrushes and paste. Blankets and pillows are also offered to patients who by situations need them. The firm stands to gain a long term partnership relationship as a result of these promotional elements that depicts the quality of services (Lovelock, Wirtz, and Chew, 2011). Price is a critical factor in marketing and largely determines the fate of the business through revenues. The product or service is only worth what potential clients are willing or prepared to pay. The pricing needs to be competitive yet with reasonable profit margins. The cost of services in the case study made Dr. Bickett to make hard decisions. She decided to opt from the controversial HMO because the price of services dictated therein could not sustain her business mainly because she wanted to offer high-quality services. She decided to relocate her business to another town and revamp everything including infrastructure, processes, and operations to bring out the quality in her services and justify her pricing (Journal of Islamic Marketing, 2012, pp. 212-216). This major decision enabled her to achieve the highest level of dental care at an extra cost to its patients. This decision also meant that patients who could not afford her prices had a decision to seek treatment from other facilities operating under the HMO scheme. Dr. Bickett had value added elements in her services like goodies, offers and post follow ups measures that justified her high prices (Zeithaml, Bitner and Gremler, 2013). The place element entails the right and quality location where the patients receive their services and the means of distributing the same. Dr. Beckett moved her business from a previously unappealing location and office to an attractive, pleasant place for her staff and patient. The premises were classical and serene perfect environment for patients. Patients are naturally attracted by an appealing environment. To this effect, the business owner is likely to benefit a long term close relationship with them translating to revenues (Booms and Bitner, 2011, pp. 47-51). The physical evidence is an element of the service mix that enables one to make a judgment to an organization based on appearance and service received. They are the material cues including the paper work; staffs contact experience and many others (Luan and Sudhir, 2010). Inside the facility, the waiting room is modernized with arts, television screens which displayed very informative dental procedure and care; smooth entertainment and children toys to pre-occupy the patients while waiting to be attended. She had also provided magazines and other literature for the same purpose. Dr. Beckett's dental staff team is very friendly and professional to the patients. They carried out their procedures within the stipulated timelines and also advised patients on the rescheduling of processes depending on the queue. The process is the flow of activities by which services are consumed. It is an important factor to market any business because it depicts the quality levels and culture of the organization. Dr. Dickett dental practice has value adding processes aimed at providing a standardized quality of service to its patients without errors. The facility has redesigned system in place like the billing and re-ordering systems to achieve efficiency and efficient service delivery. Time is allotted for every procedure and, therefore the dental team had to work diligently to deliver within timelines (Shimizu, 2016, pp. 25-62). This is an important factor and a manifest of quality when systems and procedures are organized, predictable and auditable. People refer to the human element that delivers the services through established systems and procedures. The quality in an organization is judged from the look of the facility and importantly interaction with the front office workers and the rest of the team. Dr. Bickett facility had seven employees and her making it a total of 8. The team was organized into those working at the front and back offices depending on their qualifications. The team had uniforms for identity and neatness purposes. Besides, she had natured a friendly and professional team to the patients courtesy of her values and objectivity to the course (Google Trends, 2015). The culture that guided her interaction with the employees was translated down to the patients. Her team was cohesive and worked together towards the sole goal of high-quality service delivery without distracted by attitude and arrogance that could dent the reputation of the firm. Service quality and productivity relate to the case Productivity and quality service delivery are intertwined factors in this case study. The Dentist implies in her decision to relocate that she moved from a place that was cramped and luckily procured a spacious office with serene environment. The productivity of her team was directly impacted by the organization in her office and space available. Therefore, the new spacious and better organized new offices she acquired significantly improved the rate and quality of services of her team thereby satisfying her customers. Patients education is an important factor because it derives trust and confidence from the patients as they become familiar with processes and know what is expected of them. Dr. Bickett had a fairly large number of patients who streamed her facility due to its reputation. Her good and quality services attracted close to 2000 patients who were majorly professionals with white collar jobs and employees in other organizations gained through referrals who would market the organization through word of mouth. The facility had resources and systems in place to offer knowledge to its clients. She has magazines and education films in the waiting room that are informative on the dental procedures and post treatment measures to patients. Dr. Bickett ensured that her new patients were treated to the new patient examination and feedback that distinguished her services from the rest (Solis, 2011, pp. 201-202). Supplementary services are those services offered to complement the major procedure done. They are also a manifest of quality and commitment to the facility. Dr. Bickett Dental precise had some supplementary services. Post procedure services like follow ups on patients to know their condition. She also educated her patients on dental procedures and health practice The contrast of my own dental care experiences with that offered by Dr. Beckett practice. My dental experience has not been largely different from that one offered by Bickett facility. I had visited a dental facility for a procedure and witnessed pain and agony in the patients. The waiting rooms had large pictures of the dental formula displayed and some chats on dental care. Dr. Beckett's facility is advanced with modern technology with predictable systems in place. She has invested a lot in material cues and the culture of her team which uplifts the standards of her services. I would advise Dr. Beckett to proceed on that path and even expand her business to offer dentistry training on acquiring the required documentation and authorization. My former dentist needs to improve service delivery because it determines the reputation of his firm. Further, he should invest more in training his team to be professionals and implement a good public relations strategy to improve his business. Finally, he should offer value for money to his patients. References Blythe, J. (2009). Key Concepts in Marketing. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications Ltd. Booms, B. and Bitner, M (2011). "Marketing Strategies and the Organization Structures for the Service Firms." Marketing of Services. American Marketing Association, pp. 4751. Google Trends (2015). The Interest on the topic of Marketing 3. 0 over time (2006-2015). Hunt, S. and Goolsby, J. (2011). "The Rise and Fall of a Functional Approach to Marketing: A Paradigm of Displacement Perspective," (originally published in 1988), reprinted in: Review of the Marketing Research: Special Issue - Marketing Legends, Vol. 1, Naresh Malhotra,(ed), Bingley, UK, Emerald Journal of Islamic Marketing (2012). Marketing, pp. 212-216 Lovelock, C., Wirtz, J. and Chew, P. (2011). Essentials of Services Marketing (2nd Ed). Singapore: Prentice Hall. Luan, Y. and Sudhir, K. (2010). Forecasting Marketing-Mix Responsiveness for the New Products, Journal of Marketing Research Rafiq, M. (March 31, 2016). "Using the 7Ps as a generic marketing mix: an exploratory survey of the UK and European marketing academics". Marketing Intelligence Planning, pp.4 Rodrguez, I, Rabanal, P. and Rubio, F. (2017). "How to make a best-seller: Optimal product design problems." Applied Soft Computing, pp. 178-196 Shimizu, K. (2016). "Co-marketing (Symbiotic Marketing) Strategies," (Japanese) 5th edition, Souseisha Book Company (ISBN978-4-7944-2482-2) pp. 25-62. Solis, B. (2011). Engage! The Complete Guide for the Brands and Businesses to Build, Cultivate, and Measure Success in New Web, John Wiley Sons, Inc. pp. 201202. Wilson, (2012). Looking at the Islamic marketing, branding and Muslim consumer behavior beyond the 7P's Zeithaml, V., Bitner, M. and Gremler, D.,(2013). Services Marketing: Integrating Customer Focus Across the Firm, (6th ed), New York: McGraw-Hill.

Tourism and Ecosystem

This paper aims at describing the impact of tourism on the ecosystem. This paper will begin by defining tourism and the ecosystem. Thereafter, it will give examples of how tourism affects the ecosystem. This paper will then sum up its discussion by providing a number of recommendations.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Tourism and Ecosystem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Jax, â€Å"an ecosystem is a community of living organisms together with the physical processes which occur within an environment† (20). On the other hand, Tourism, according to Goeldner, â€Å"arises from the movement of people to and their stay in, various destinations† (10). Goeldner defines tourism as â€Å"the temporary, short term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and their activities during their stay at these destinations; it includes movement for all purposes as well as day visits or excursions† (10). Basically, tourism occurs in two forms: â€Å"the journey to the destination and the stay including the activities at the destination† (Goeldner 10). It is important to note that the journey and the stay take place in an area distant from the normal place of work or stay. Tourists usually engage in activities which are different from those done while at work or at home. The interaction between humans and the ecosystem has contributed to various changes in the ecosystem. Tourism, which is a popular human activity, continues to change the ecosystem. However, detecting changes in the ecosystem, which have been caused by tourism can be challenging. The impact of tourism on the ecosystem is not only hard to predict, but also hard to detect. In addition, environmentalists find it challenging to distinguish between those components of change which are part of a natural process and ecosystem dynamics, and those which are as a result of human activities. It is important to understand how tourism affects the ecosystem in order to sustain the ecosystem function and prevent irreparable damage to the biosphere. The impact of tourism on the ecosystem is usually evaluated in terms of an ecological footprint. An ecological footprint, according to Johnson, â€Å"examines the amount of natural resources required to support a specific type of behavior, business or process† (2). Experts argue that many people tend to consume more when they are on vacation or holiday thus tourism heightens this phenomenon (Johnson 1).Advertising Looking for research paper on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A number of studies have highlighted that the ecological footprint of tourists in various tourist destinations is same as that of the locals. Environmentalists hold the opinion that when arrival transport is put into consideration, this ecological footpri nt escalates. Tourism is a major foreign exchange earner for many countries across the globe. Although, tourism is a major source of income for many countries, it has been found that it exerts indirect and direct pressure on species and habitats and, as a result, tourism poses a significant threat to the ecosystem. As mentioned earlier, people tend to consume more when they are on vacation. Thus, Johnson notes that the negative effects of tourism on the ecosystem are likely to increase in tourist destinations where tourists consume more than the local communities (1). A study was conducted recently in Cape Town, South Africa, to evaluate the ecological footprint of tourists in this region. Cape Town is a popular tourist destination in South Africa and it is believed that close to 50 000 tourists visit this town per year. As a result, the local population is increased by 4 percent. During the study, the researchers â€Å"gathered data on arrival transport, on food and fibre consumpt ion, on accommodation, on land use, utilities and waste, on local transport and on activities of tourists on holiday in Cape Town† (Science Direct 1). The researchers found out that arrival transport contributes 75 per cent of the total tourist impact on ecosystem. The study revealed that â€Å"the total impact of one tourist is 45.67gha/per year† (Science Direct 1). Tourist activities often alter the aquatic habitat by interfering with predator prey interactions. Ecotourism Today argues â€Å"off highway vehicles, including all terrain vehicles, Argos, dirt bikes, and off road vehicles, driven trough or across steams and other water bodies can lead to habitat destruction and degradation, including loss of stream bank stability and erosion† (5). Aquatic habitat is likely to be distorted by pollution and alterations in the neighboring habitats. Ecotourism Today (1) agues â€Å"while recreational activities that take place in lakes, streams, wetlands, and their ri parian areas are most likely to negatively impact the aquatic environment, land based activities can also impact the environment† (Ecotourism Today 1).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Tourism and Ecosystem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ecotourism Today indicates that tourist activities such as fishing and hunting of sea animals often lead to the decline in the pollution of aquatic species (Ecotourism Today 5). Environment protectionists warn that the growth of tourism around the globe has overlooked concerns of increasing ecological resource use (Johnson 2). These claims have been boosted by results from recent studies which indicate that tourist attraction sites and infrastructures are sites of resource overconsumption. For example, a recent study was conducted in the Bahamas to evaluate the impact of tourism on ecosystem. The study collected data â€Å"on bioreproductive land, Bioreproductiv e Sea, built land, energy land, and area for biodiversity† (Johnson 6). During the study, â€Å"the ecological footprint of each resort was broken into a number of key areas of ecological impact; air travel, waste, food, and hotel energy use† (Johnson 6). The study revealed that tourism has a total impact of a 56.89 gha/per year on the selected region (Johnson 6). According to McGraw, the chief editor of Bio Intelligence Service, tourism causes trampling. Vegetation and soil are often disturbed when tourists use the same route frequently. McGraw notes that anchoring activities also degrade the ecosystem: â€Å"Anchoring, snorkeling, sport fishing, scuba diving, yachting and cruising, are some of the activities which can cause direct degradation of marine ecosystems such as coral reefs, and subsequent impacts on coastal protection and fisheries† (McGraw 1). In addition, â€Å"when tourists come too close to animals, they alter the animals’ natural behavior s† (McGraw 2). As the numbers of tourist destinations continue to grow, the impact of tourism on the ecosystem also increases. Many private companies are investing heavily in the construction of recreational centers. Initially, the tourism industry in many countries was controlled by local governments. However, many private firms have entered into the tourism industry.Advertising Looking for research paper on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The tourism industry has been revolutionized by the private sector but at the expense of the environment. According to (McGraw 5), a total of 40 recreational centers have constructed in South Africa in the last five years. In Kenya, a country whose economy relies heavily on tourism, 20 recreational centers have been constructed in the last three years (McGraw 6). In addition, the Kenyan government has taken control of all other small natural reserves, which have any form of wildlife. According to (McGraw 6), Kenya’s Tourism minister argues that taking control of all the natural habitats will enhance the country’s tourism sector in many ways as the number of tourist destinations will increase. This data shows how the natural environment is being altered by tourism. These developments have a significant impact on nearby ecosystems. Many natural lands located close to wildlife ecosystems are being cleared to create space for the construction of centers which will accommod ate the growing number of tourists. Confining wild animals in national parks and game reserves significantly affects their behaviors. The reproduction of these animals is restricted and this can result into the extinction of the confined species. This also affects the animals’ natural feeding habits. Moreover, the confining of wild animals into national parks alters food chains and food webs in the natural world. Recreational centers which are located close to water bodies often discharge wastes into these water bodies thus affecting the aquatic ecosystem. In summary, Tourism, according to Goeldner, â€Å"arises from the movement of people to and their stay in, various destinations† (10). Goeldner defines tourism as â€Å"the temporary, short term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and their activities during their stay at these destinations; it includes movement for all purposes as well as day visits or excursions † (10). Basically, tourism occurs in two forms: â€Å"the journey to the destination and the stay including the activities at the destination† (Goeldner 10). The impact of tourism on the ecosystem is usually evaluated in terms of an ecological footprint. An ecological footprint, according to Johnson, â€Å"examines the amount of natural resources required to support a specific type of behavior, business or process† (2). Experts argue that many people tend to consume more when they are on vacation or holiday thus tourism heightens this phenomenon (Johnson 1). As the numbers of tourist destinations continue to grow, the impact of tourism on the ecosystem also increases. Many natural lands located close to wildlife ecosystems are being cleared to create space for the construction of centers which will accommodate the growing number of tourists. Confining wild animals in national parks and game reserves significantly affects their behaviors. Environment protectionist s warn that the growth of tourism around the globe has overlooked concerns of increasing ecological resource use (Johnson 2). These claims have been boosted by results from recent studies which indicate that tourist attraction sites and infrastructures are sites of resource overconsumption. Tourist activities often alter the aquatic habitat by interfering with predator prey interactions. Ecotourism Today argues â€Å"off highway vehicles, including all terrain vehicles, Argos, dirt bikes, and off road vehicles, driven trough or across steams and other water bodies can lead to habitat destruction and degradation, including loss of stream bank stability and erosion† (Ecotourism Today 1). Environmental protectionists also argue that it is important to understand how tourism affects the ecosystem in order to sustain the ecosystem function and prevent irreparable damage to the biosphere. However, detecting changes in the ecosystem, which have been caused by tourism can be challeng ing. The impact of tourism on the ecosystem is not only hard to predict, but also hard to detect. In addition, environmentalists find it challenging to distinguish between those components of change which are part of a natural process and ecosystem dynamics, and those which are as a result of human activities. Works Cited Ecotourism Today. ‘Potential Effects from Tourism and Recreation on Aquatic Ecosystems.’ August 2012.Web. Goeldner, Charles. Tourism: Principles, Practices and Philosophies. London: Oxford Press, 2010. Print. Jax, Maxwell. Ecosystems: Basic Principles. Cape Town: Oxford, 2010. Print. Johnson, Allan. Exploring The Ecological Footprint Of Tourism In Ontario. Waterloo, Ontario: Oxford Press, 2010. McGrew, John. â€Å"Environmental Impacts of Tourism†. Bio Intelligence Science 6 June 2010: 1-10. Web. Science Direct. Effects of Tourism on the Ecosystem. March 2012. Web. https://www.sciencedirect.com/. This research paper on Tourism and Ecosystem was written and submitted by user Gloria F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Touch Football Analysis Essay Essays

Touch Football Analysis Essay Essays Touch Football Analysis Essay Essay Touch Football Analysis Essay Essay Touch football involves the usage of all three energy systems which are the ATP-CP system. Lactic Acid system and the Aerobic system. ATP shops are to the full replenished after 2-3 proceedingss or 50 % can be replenished after 30 seconds. The ATP-CP system is anaerobiotic which means there is no O nowadays and is a consequence of the dislocation of creatine phosphate. It is preponderantly used in activities which are high strength and last for up to 10 seconds. There are no fatiguing by merchandises nevertheless ATP production is really limited. The lactic acid system is besides anaerobiotic nevertheless it lasts for around 90 seconds. It is the consequence of glucose being converted into lactic acid. Lactic acid is a fatiguing by merchandise that builds up in the organic structure after vigorous exercising and which force an jock to decelerate or halt their activity. The concluding energy system is the aerophilic system. This is the production of energy from the dislocation of saccharides and fats utilizing O. This system is used for low strength activities of a long continuance. The bi-products of this system are H2O. C dioxide and heat nevertheless they are non tiring which is why the aerobic system is efficient for long continuance and endurance events. A game of touch requires the usage and interplay of all three energy systems ; ATP-CP. Lactic Acid and Aerobic systems. The organic structure at the same time uses an energy system as there are many accomplishments in touch that are of different strengths and continuance. For approximately the first 2 proceedingss of the game. the strength is submaximal as participant 1 is acquiring into place. It can be seen on the bosom rate proctor graph that there is a little addition in bosom rate bespeaking a little addition of strength from walking to a visible radiation jog which can be shown in the tabular array. The organic structure is able work aerobically at this point as there is sufficient O to run into the demands of the activity. The bosom rate proctor shows at point A that there is a steep slope of participant 1’s bosom rate. This was caused by a series of contrivances. dashs and side which increased the bosom rate at 3 proceedingss into the game. As these activities are of a higher strength and in such a short infinite of clip. it creates an O shortage. Because of this O shortage. the organic structure has to now use the ATP-CP system. However. the ATP-CP system is merely fleeting. enduring for 10 seconds. and therefore its shop becomes largely used up. The lactic acid system so becomes the more dependent energy system. 5 proceedingss into the game the bosom rate graph shows a little tableland which indicates that participant 1 was working at maximum strength. It is merely possible to work near to this threshold for a limited clip therefore strength must drop doing the bosom rate to take down. Player 1 was involved in a series of dashs. contrivances and side stepping every bit good as playing the ball and passing. These are all high strength activities which have caused the addition of bosom rate on the graph. After the first 5 proceedingss of the game. participant 1 is substituted away. At this point. Excess Post-Exercise Oxygen Consumption ( EPOC ) takes topographic point. EPOC allows the aerophilic system to refill ATP-CP shops and resynthesises lactic acid. The first phase of EPOC is called alactacid and restores ATP-CP. This procedure happens rapidly in merely 30 seconds and is of import as the ATP-CP system is really of import in a game of touch. After being substituted back on. participant 1 will hold had full shops of ATP-CP. The same can be said for points C and D nevertheless at point D. exercice has ceased and a full EPOC can take topographic point. The first phase of EPOC is the alactacid constituent which involves the Restoration of ATP and CP shops and O. This procedure takes 2-3 proceedingss. The 2nd portion is the Lactacid constituent and involves the remotion of lactic acid and refilling of animal starch. Full recovery may take up to 90 proceedingss. A warm down should hold been done by the jock to rush up the remotion of lactic acid every bit good as forestalling blood pooling. leting skeletal musculuss to oxidize and to maintain blood circulation elevated. 4: There are legion tactics used in touch football to out play the other squad which can be done by using each of the three energy systems. . Many of these tactics involve utilizing the cognition of the energy systems to an advantage. One maneuver used by many squads is to run at the same guardian invariably while assailing so that. that participant will go exhausted and as a consequence. will non be able to run as fast or acquire back into place in clip. This will open up spreads in the other team’s defense mechanism line and will make an country for a squad mate to run through. By pin indicating one participant they will hold to run backwards for a few dramas which will last for over 10 seconds and as a consequence the participant will hold depleted their ATP-CP system. This doesn’t let the guardian to refill ATP-CP shops before each touch. coercing them to preponderantly utilize their lactic system to synthesize energy. The Lactic acid system produces the tiring byproduct lactic acid which causes the participant to pall. As a consequence the guardian will non be able to react as rapidly and make a spread in the defensive line that the herd can run through. After executing a maximum attempt as a herd. participant 1 should be shifted to the flying where less intense and frequent activity occurs. This is where positioning becomes a great tactic and will let for the aerophilic system to be predominately used to reconstruct ATP-CP every bit good as resynthesise lactic acid. Following this. participant one should be substituted off to let ATP-CP shops to refill 50 % . Another great maneuver is to utilize the replacements sagely. When doing a replacement it is smarter to do the alteration when your squad is assailing to avoid any defensive spreads for the other squad to run through. While in an assaultive drama. the participants that are fatigued should float closer to the bench so that speedy permutations can be made. A tactic would affect altering 3-4 participants at one clip to hold a rested squad on the field and to besides confound the oppositions as to who they are supporting. The participants that have merely been rested should hold a full ATP-CP system which is good to rule the drama. 5: Touch involves the combination of many fitness constituents. nevertheless. it is clear from set abouting a game’s analysis that some have more of an impact on the game than others. Agility is defined as the ability to alter way rapidly and accurately while keeping balance which is decidedly a chief facet of the athletics. A GPS tracker was placed on a pupil to map his running during a touch game and the consequences show many crisp bends and running that isn’t in a consecutive line. It is clear from the map of the tracking device that legion crisp alterations of waies were required during the game. There were a sum of 10 contrivances. 12 dashs and 16 occasions where participant 1 had to side measure. All of these accomplishments required some signifier of sudden alteration of way. It is an indispensable portion of touch to be able to forge one way. doing your opposition to switch their Centre of gravitation. and so rapidly alter way into a spread. Besides. dodging and weaving in between participants is necessary. Speed is defined as how rapidly a organic structure portion can be put into gesture or the velocity of contraction. This is necessary in touch football as a batch of fast motions and sprinting is required to maintain up with drama. to run past oppositions or gimmick oppositions. The game is played at a fast gait to seek and catch the guardians out of place or off guard and to do it easier to acquire past them. Cardio-respiratory endurance is a cardinal constituent to the game of Touch as it is the capacity of your bosom. blood vass and lungs to work expeditiously to present O during uninterrupted activity. Age. genetic sciences. and physical conditioning all play a function in an individual’s cardiorespiratory endurance. With an enhanced ability to take in O and present it to working musculuss. the musculuss are able to go on activity longer without weariness. 6: Cardio-respiratory endurance is of import in many athleticss and is something that many jocks should better. Two developing methods that could be used to better this are Fartlek and Interval preparation. Both manners of preparation are utile and specific to many squad athleticss including touch football as they are similar to the type of work done in a game. Interval developing involves jumping periods of activity with periods of remainder and can be categorised by short. intermediate or long interval preparation. Short interval preparation develops power. intermediate develops lactic acerb tolerance and long develops aerophilic power. To aim the ATP-CP system the work to rest ratio should be 1:3/1:25. to aim the Lactic acid system it should be 1:2/1:3 and for the aerophilic system it should be 1:1. Fartlek preparation is considered to be a mixture of interval and uninterrupted preparation. This is achieved by making a uninterrupted activity and integrating random explosions of velocity or addition of strength. Both types of preparation should integrate the preparation rules which include progressive overload. fluctuation. specificity. individualism. recovery. decreasing returns. frequence. continuance. strength and reversibility. Progressive overload is the construct of gradual increasing the demand to do betterments. If the preparation burden remained unchanged. no farther betterments in fittingness would happen. This can be applied to fartlek preparation and interval preparation by increasing the figure of times an activity is done or at what strength it is done. For illustration if the fartlek preparation was to ramble on for one minute and dash for 5 seconds. the spring can be increased to 10 seconds. In interval developing the repeats could be increased. Variation should be included into both developing methods to non merely do betterments in fittingness. but to besides to guarantee the jock remains psychologically focused and motivated. To guarantee maximum betterment is achieved by the person. all rules should be considered when making a preparation plan.

Employee Relation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Employee Relation - Essay Example This paper discusses the employee relations in a public sector organization – the UK Firefighters. The UK Firefighters has always been associated with the heroism and skills of largely working class masculinity but the firefighters’ dispute gave it a different dimension – conflict and dispute of class and gender (Kaplan, 2000). This was one of the longest and the most serious industrial disputes in British history (Dinan, Ford, McConnell & Pyper, 2006). While the reasons for the dispute were many, when it precipitated a public safety emergency, the government was forced to deploy emergency plans. This was the first national strike by firefighters in 25 years and had several complex themes and issues intertwined together. The dispute had started in May 2002 when the Fire Brigades Union lodged a 40% pay claim which was rejected by the local authority employers. The local authorities were prepared to offer 4% pay increase and also link future increases to national pay deals. By September when the government felt that the negotiations were not heading anywhere, it sough t an independent review. Based on the recommendations of the Bain Report, the government then added 7% as modernization package and also announced certain other benefits in working patterns and local pay additions. The FBU did not agree to any of these recommendations and first initiated a 48-hour strike in November followed by an eight-day strike from November 22. The FBU staged a series of walk-outs and pickets across Britain, suspending the national cover fire and forcing army ‘green goddesses’ to step in (Edwards, 2007). The two main issues at the heart of the dispute were – pay increase to be comparable or at par with other public services and the government led agenda of modernization based on the Bain Report was taken as an attack on the way that firefighters worked. The two issues were however interlinked because the modernization proposals linked pay to

Importance of Diversity in Most Organizations In the Global Market Research Paper

Importance of Diversity in Most Organizations In the Global Market - Research Paper Example However, this diversity which meant variations in beliefs as well as in attitudes had posed some challenging concerns for a wide array of companies and businesses all throughout the years. To manage such differences has happened to confront various organizations. The problem of diversity had been present for such a long time ago. In fact, the past of each organization had been marked by the discriminatory processes such as discriminating individuals because of certain preferences on individual’s race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, and others. In order to address this concern, the United States had even developed an anti – discrimination law. Currently, it had been mandated by the government that companies should forget about diversity through requiring a non – diversity rule on every organization. ... In this manner, the companies had gone further than just following the government legislation as they tried to use the differences among their employees for their own advantage. Despite the diversity issues, organizations had managed to recruit and retain those with best talents and skills to make the company work on its utmost efficiency. Aside from that, this global diversity had also contributed to the economic advantages of an organization. Given that diversity had been regarded first as a concern but this ever – growing diversity in the workplace could be leveraged to the advantages of an organization, the focus of this paper should delve on the importance of diversity in most organizations in order to be competitive in the global market at present. Basically, this paper would take into consideration looking at the current condition of organization’s management on global diversity. This paper also aimed at figuring out the importance of differences in the most orga nization which could be used for its own advancement. By this, this would also like to identify the types of diversity that could play a significant role in an organization. This would also seek to analyze the effectiveness of an organization as it had dealt with the concern on diversity. In this study, only one measure of whether organization or company had supported a management style which recognized and respected the differences of characteristics of individuals, was assessed. This research was limited in a number of aspects especially in the methodology that had framed the study. However, this would be supported by the qualitative data as well as the existing literatures. Meanwhile, the necessity to conduct this study could be backed up

The Role Of Managers In Staff Training Management Essay

The Role Of Managers In Staff Training Management Essay This paper explores how the organization benefited by training process. The purpose of this paper is to assess the benefits for the training and development in Retail organization. One of the most important resources of retail is their staff. In order to provide satisfactory service to their customer and able to face the future challenges, the staff should have proper skills which are continually develop.( Gower handbook,1991). It also outlines the special issue which identifies developments in the field of training for employees, recruitment, their transition to work, and their continuous development. Research objectives The research is focused on training and development on Marks and spencer with a view to wider application to other retailer in the country. Its objectives are to -Critically examine training needs in retail organization -Examine the role of managers in staff training and development -Examine approaches to training and development in the United Kingdom. Theoretical perspective relevant to the topics such as motivation Identify the approaches which could be adopted and make recommendations. Research Methods The research methodology will seek the answers to these questions as well as evidence as to which training needs have priority and which approach are most effective and relevant to the organization. The argument to be developed in this dissertation is that the most cost effective and culturally acceptable approach will be to identify training as an essential part of all manager roles and show how this might be implemented. The following are the types of research design that could be used -Research reviews -Qualitative research -Analysis of existing records -Ad hoc sample survey and regular surveys -Case study -longitudinal studies -Experimental Literature Review In order to explain the importance of training and development in an organisation the chapter is begin with the history of the subject, describe and discuses its definitions and benefits. It considers some model of training and development and some organisation of UK are using some of the models. History of training and development Human resources are considered by many to be the most important asset of an organization. Until now very few employers are able to exploit the full potential from their employees.(Jeff Lee,2005) Strategic human resource management (SHRM) is concerned with the contributions which human resource strategies can make to achieve organizational effectiveness and the ways to achieve those contributions (Jeff E Lee D, 2005). Strategic human resource development is the most current form of training and development where training and learning are strategically integrated vertically with organisational goals and horizontally to other HR activities (Millmore, Lewis, Saunders, thornhill and morrow 2007) Training and development can be identified as a planned process to improve the human capacity by modifying their skills, knowledge and attitudes. More recently the training and development term has been replaced by the term HRD (human resource development) which mainly focus on individual and organisational learning. The systematic approach training is described by as a cycle of four activities identify of HRD needs, plan and design HRD interventions to meet those indentify needs, implement the HRD interventions and finally evaluate the outcomes.( Millmore, Lewis, Saunders, thornhill and morrow 2007).This approach will be briefly discuss later part of the report. According to McCracken and Wallace, (2000) Strategic human resource development is a creation of a learning culture in which a range of training, development and learning strategies both respond to corporate strategy and help to shape and influence it. Based on the Garavans (1991) work, they redefined the nine key characteristic of SHRD practice. In their work they present SHRD as very strategically mature and compare with HRD and training where strategic maturity is absence. (Millmore, Lewis, Saunders, thornhill and morrow 2007) Key SHRD characteristics Integration with organisational missions and goals. Top management support. Environmental scanning. HRD plans and policies. Line manager commitment and involvement. Existence of complementary HRM activities. Expanded trainer role. Recognition of culture. Emphasis on evaluation Source: McCracken and Wallace (2000) Garavan(1995) state that many trainers find the tern SHRM difficult to accept, while they prefer the more softer term employee development or training and development. According to him HRD term is nowadays widely acceptable which means the planned learning and development of people as individual or group to benefit the organisation. McCracken and Wallace, (2000) state that, HRD is viewed as a strategic lever in organisations which helping the business to implement its business strategies. In their work they use the concept of training where they describe the level of sophistication which the organisation has with regard to training which helps to shape and formulate corporate strategy. McCracken and Wallace, (2000) suggested that the strategic HRD should shape and influence the organisational mission and goals. McCracken and Wallace, (2000) noted that SHRD should have a much more proactive and influential role which leads to a new model of SHRD which disguises the differences between Training which has a reactive and ad hoc implementation role in relation to corporate strategy. Organisation is very immature in terms of HRD and has no learning culture. Meanwhile HRD has a systematic implementation role which shows signs of corporate strategy. Organisation shows that it is beginning to develop a maturity in terms of HRD with the presence of nine Gravan (1991) characteristic and learning culture is also developing. Finally SHRD role is working toward shaping and responding to corporate strategy. The organisation has become strategically mature and there is a evidence of improved Garavan (1991) characteristic as well as presence of a strong learning culture (McCracken and Wallace, 2000).A model of SHRD which shows the continuum of HRD strategic maturity is portrayed below adopted from Millmore, Lewis, Saunders, thornhill and morrow 2007 work. HRD characteristic Training HRD SHRD HRD strategic maturity Organisation strategically is not mature in HRD terms Organisation is strategically is quite mature in HRD terms Organisation strategically very mature in terms of HRD. 1)Integration with Organisational missions And goals. 2) Top management Support. 3)Environmental scanning 4) HRD plan and policies 5)Line manager Commitment and involvement. 6)Existence of complementary HRM activities 7)Expanded trainer role. 8) Recognition of culture. 9) emphasis on evaluation. Little integration with organisation missions and goals. 2)very limited support. 3) Little awareness of environment. 4)Ad hoc responses to indentified problem. 5)Limited commitment and involvement. 6) Little or no horizontal integration of HR activities. 7) Lack of expanded trainer role. 8) little recognition of culture. 9)little emphasis on evaluation. Integration with organisational missions And goals. 2)active support 3)active environmental Scanning. 4)Systematically integrated with Organisational strategy. 5)line managers Commitment and involvement. 6)Existence of complementary HRM Activities. 7) Expanded trainer role. 8)recognition of Culture. 9)emphasis on evaluation. shaping organisational missions and goals. 2)adopt leadership role to HRD. 3)environmental scanning Done by senior management. 4)developed with strategy plan and policies. 5)strategic partnership with line management. 6)strategic partnership with HRM. 7)Trainers as organisational change consultants. 8)ability to influence corporate culture. 9)emphasis on cost effectiveness There are a number of reasons why training and development becomes an important issue for both organisations and management. All organisations in existence need a successful training programme to achieve their goal. It is an investment for any organisation which helps to improve its profitability, reduce its costs, increase the commitment and motivation of its people and release their potential. Training needs vary from one organisation to another and it is important to develop training techniques to meet training goals (www.ictknowledgebase). The Journal of E-learning (2008) stated that the purpose of training is to motivate their employees, to help their potential and develop them better with the current changing business environment of e-learning. The pace of change is increasing and it its really important for employer to keep up to date their employees. Skills gained yesterday are no longer appropriate for today. The combination of recessions, globalisation and changing technology has changed our live. Most of todays jobs demand multi skill. The days of needing one skill has replaced by the multi-skilled. Employees also need to prove their commitment to their job by developing own skills to maintain their marketability (Tony pont, 2003). The attitude of employers to training is also changing. Also there are still many employers see training as costly overhead, while many now recognise training is an investment for future.(Tony Pont,2003). According to training and development journal November 2009, A recent Accountemps/Robert Half survey found that in the past year, 26 percent of companies cut their professional development programs, according to senior executives. At the same time, 28 percent reported that their companies actually strengthened their training initiatives and 45 percent maintained the same programming. The survey also indicate that three quarter of organisation increased training level or kept training expenses at same level. After the industrial revolution, development of large organisations and systematic approach to manual work training began. Taylor and gilbreths works contributed to the importance of training by identifying the nature of job. Their research was to determine the most productive way of carrying out the work. In early 1930s hawthorns experiment in an electric plant in Chicago establish the fact what motivates staff at work place. After doing his research he was able suggest that management need to concern about the feelings and needs of employees. (Gower 1991). Defining the terms Manpower services commissions glossary of training terms (1981) identifies training as A planned process to modify attitude, knowledge or skill behaviour through learning experience to achieve effective performance in an activity or range of activities. Its purpose, in the work situation, is to develop the abilities of the individual and to satisfy the current and future manpower needs of the organisations. Training does not only benefit the employees it is also beneficial for organisations. Training and development can be achieved by necessary attitude, skill and knowledge which can be affectively gained by a learner who can become more confident about their abilities. Training is about developing people and their skills and helping them to become more confident in their jobs. It is not only necessary to create a skilled workforce but also maintain the high level of skills which is demanded by constantly changing work environment (Reid Barrington, 2007). Training can be done by many different ways such as On-the-job training, informal training, classroom training, internal training courses, external training courses, on-the-job coaching, life-coaching, mentoring, training assignments and tasks, skills training, product training, technical training, behavioural development training, role-playing and role-play games and exercises, attitudinal training and development, accredited training and learning (Reid Barrington, 2007). Many different factors influence training responsibilities and roles. There are six major influences on training responsibilities and roles in the organisation such as the environment, goal and tasks, structure, technology and workforce of the organisation, and its political system. The political factors have such influence on the training role culture, commitment, expertise and interactions (Harrison, 1988). It is important for the trainer to identify the contribution of training to the business. They need to be aware of the close relationship between training and profit. Management must see training as an investment, which is needed not only to create a skilled workforce but also maintain the skills demanded by the constantly changing working environment. In order to add values to the business training should comply with the direction of the corporate and business strategy, which also need to help to meet business demand.(Tony pont,2003) According to Harrison, Development is the all-important process, through which individual and organizational growth can through time achieve their fullest potential. Education is a major contributor to that development process, because it directly and continuously affects the formation not only of knowledge and abilities, but of character and of culture, aspirations and achievements. Training is the shorter-term, systematic process through which an individual is helped to master defined tasks or areas of skill and knowledge to predetermined standards (Harrison, 1989 cited in Lundy Cowling, 1996). The explanation of differences in definition is that in the past the trainer knew the best and therefore they used to establish training needs for learners, they also set objectives; make up a training programme which will help learner to gain higher skills. But todays changing market individual is given more responsibilities to take care of their learning and development. It is necessary to consider the learners maturity, personal development and motivation.(Kenny and Reid 1986) Training and employee development is become a current trend of todays competitive job markets which makes employers more focused on organisational goals. Todays market is very competitive and an organisation has to fight for survival where training may largely be a matter of continuing to carry out long establishes routine. According to Armstrong (1996), Organisational Structure-Generally goals of an organisations and its total tasks and level of achievement of there tasks are crucial determinants of an organisations primary training needs. The organisations should therefore have a fundamental influence on determining what training activities, responsibilities and roles are to be performed. According to Harrison(1988), Organisational structure, Organisational technology and the workforce-Organisation need to plan training to improved job performance. There is a training cycle which is adopted by UK and based on a simple four stages model expressed as follows: First identify and specify the training need, then designa training programme, next implement the training and evaluate it. Having defined training strategy it is now necessary to define effective training strategy. Effective training Strategy: The term training strategy means that the overall approach chosen to assess training needs and the particular ways in which training will be carried out in the organisation for instance on the job, off the job etc. (Harrison, 1988). According to Mayo(2001)There are two main strategies which can be adopted in organisation total or comprehensive strategy and problem centred strategy. These two strategies are not against of each other. They are simple approaches which are the same in their general principle but might be fit in different situation. The Comprehensive strategy starts with strategy starts with an analysis of the corporate plan. This strategy is relevant for the organisation where the environment is relatively stable. And where longer term training can be developed with an acceptable chance. The problem centred apply in the organization where the environment of the organisation either unpredictable or competitive. Organisation like these needs training to help them deal with their immediate and pressing problems. Models of training and development For the purpose of this dissertation three models will discussed which is using by two UKs retail organisation. The models are the systematic training approach, strategic training and self development approach. The two uks organisations are Marks and Spencer and Tesco. Systematic training approach A system approach to training views the organisation as a complex set of subsystems and expects changes in one subsystem to acquiesce possible need to another. It is organisational approach but it can also help to produce individual or group plans such as early retirement training needs, a change in work requirements and learning needs.Armstrong1988 state that organisation need to adopt this approach to be successful and this means Identifying the training needs. Defining training objectives which must aim to achieve measurable goals in terms of improvement and changing. Preparing a plan to meet objectives and also the cost related to the whole process. Implementing the plans Monitoring and analysing the result And finally getting the feedback for evaluation Woods (1992)state that, avoid such problems and to provide complete guidelines, the training needs a systematic approach. He presented a the training cycle diagram which begins with developing the needs assessment, goes through training and implementation (identifying training objectives, contents, methods, implementation), and finally evaluating the program. As we are assessing the benefits of training needs and its benefits through organisation Woods training circle helps us to look at the four steps which should be followed by the organisation to gain the effectiveness. The first in the training process is the analysing the needs because every training program effect the work unit and organisation. The next step is identifications of training objectives. Woods (1992) recommended four categories of training goals: 1. Reaction-based: Investigates how employees feel about the issue. 2. Learning-acquired.: Examines how a trainee obtains knowledge about dealing with differences. 3. On-the-job behaviour: Analyzes the degree of behaviour change after the training. 4. Results-oriented: Measures the influence of training in improving technical skills for dealing with diverse people. The third stage in the training cycle is the establishment of the proper training content. The next stage is choosing and implementing the training program using proper methods. According to Harris and West, (1993).The methods of training vary substantially according to the circumstances of the company. Training can be done either on-the-job or in a place outside the workplace. On-the-job training can be effective when supervisors or trained instructors are involved in the actual work setting, while off-the-job training, including lectures, simulation and case studies, can be done without interrupting the everyday routine. While traditional methods are still useful, technology-based training using CD-ROM is increasingly in demand. The final stage of the training cycle is evaluation. Milkovich and Boudreau (1991) highlighted that training programs need to verify whether the training is successful in trainees performances in work settings. Strategic training approach Rothwell and kazanas 1989 state that the strategic training approach is based on the learners need for the future condition. This model is based on problem finding rather than problem solving. It will help reduce the gap between what the leaners need to know and what they should know. In order to identify the proper utilisation of this model, it is important to consider what needs to be done and what skills and knowledge needed. There is a difference between the skills and knowledge needed and the skills and knowledge currently employees have. Before implementing the plan it is necessary for employers to identify those gaps. The main aims of this approach is to identify training and non training needs.the training may be related to high cost but this cost can be avoid by selecting right training method. The learners need could be made through employee record, informal discussions, observations and interviews. To implementing this approach future learner expected to have the ability to learn, anticipation and motivation. They also require having some background skills and knowledge of strategic thinking. This approach aims to reduce cost; choice of method is depend on time, skills and available learning material. Training method can be selected from case studies, classroom lecture, role playing, group exercise, brain storming etc. Self-development training approach This model encourages managers to draw up their own self development plan. Reid, Barrington and brown (2004) state that, if managers are operating an environment where learning practice are encouraged, then thy should be focused on their own development without any doubt. But self development should not seen as alternative for the involvement of the managers. It is important for the mangers to show their staff that they take time to develop their own skills and competences. If management can prove staff their role as self developer, it will ensure their staff that self development is not as a responsibility but a benefit. Development is a step forward to a new level of potential where it requires external challenges and right internal perception of challenge. It is a self initiated challenges which need self discipline, creativity and learning. The primary motivation will come from self achievement, self fulfilment while reward and punishment should take as secondary. The self developer should be willing to take their own risk and able to judge where necessary. (Pedler, 1981). Assessing the benefits of an effective training and development strategy According to Armstrong (1996), A well-formulated training strategy should be able to influence an individuals Mind, Behaviour, Attitude, Communication, Critical analysis skills, Problem-solving, Interpersonal skills/relationship with peers and management, Working practices, Productivity, Performance, Time management, And motivation towards his/her responsibilities as an employee in an organisation. Those factors are important operationally and tactically, because in any organisation these are important aspects in relation to an organisations well being and successful functioning running, strategists and the top-level management of a company .According to Mayo(2001) Organisation may design and formulate Training Strategies, but it is the tactical and operational managers and their teams who eventually implement and execute those polices and strategies and it is necessary to understand that employees and workers at tactical and operational levels have the right training and developmen t given to them to enable them to successfully forward and reach the organisations aims, goals, and mottos. If the training strategy successfully enhances it will make all employees to give better contributors to the aims and objectives of the organisation, then the successful internal relationship between employees and the management of the organisation should make them a better organisation for their clients/customers and suppliers dealers.(Mayo,2001) There are so many debates going on now a day is training really useful for organisation or its just a waste of money. According to David (2008) training is just a waste of money and time for the organisation as because after giving trained employee a new area company just send them back in previous work role which is simply waste of time. He argues that before implementing any training programme it has to be well designed and effective which will help people to explore their experience, knowledge, self-awareness. For getting out the most from the training it is important to train people in their regular basic work where they can develop their skills. Before implement any strategy We have to ask ourselves a simple question which will help us to realise, at the end of the day who is the training strategy for, what is it for, and why is it there, what is it meant to accomplish and achieve for an organisation (David, 2008). The researcher learnt from various writers that most of the training and development benefits take long to occur. Most of the managers do not fancy opening up training oppurtunities for young graduates to fear of losing jobs. Most organization think that the planned training is expensive,they would rather have it an ad hoc basis. During the economic recession it is usually the training budget that is cut down. A well-designed comprehensive training strategy can bring about advantage to a business and an organisation, then no doubt its employees will be the ones who will be responsible for its practical implementation from top to bottom, and essentially its linked to the employee development incentive of any organisation. A training strategy cannot be successfully implemented by itself if employees are not developed up to standards that match the corporate scale of the business world at large and also an organisation. Training Strategy should enable the development and growth of its employees and use the potential, competencies, and the abilities that they seize and is inherent within them (www.icmrindia.org). Mullins (2005) distinguishes Groups and teams, and has mentioned that these two terms are often used interchangeably, according to him Teams tend to have more mutual understanding between each other collectively, and are more closely knit, whereas groups are a number of individuals assigned on a particular task, and the groups usually deconstructs once the task has been achieved, so the clear distinction here is that a team has mutual understanding, where as each person in a group is merely working towards their own individual goals and aspirations without actually showing much concern for the benefit of others in the group. If the training strategy successfully implemented it will improve the relationship between employees and organisation and help them better contribution to their aims and objectives of the organisation. Communication is an important tool for succession of training strategy. The way strategies are discussed, delegated, explained and communicated from the senior directors of a company to their employees, its help to understand both employees and employers each other need which will help them to implement the strategy more perfectly. Investing in and resourcing people developing them to a reasonable level will enable employees to feel valued and respected and cared for by their organisations, and this positive feeling will eventually reflect on their performance, and The training strategy should be benefiting two ways first of all it should up skill the standard of employee competence performance and these achievements should in turn enable employees to execute their organisations Training Strategy more effectively. (www.go2hr) Minimise cost and maximise positive outputs for the organisation should be the main objective of an effective training strategy, so a well devised strategy should take into account everything internal and external of relevance, importance, and matter that will be useful in approaching a good strategy as compared to a not so good one. The training strategy designed should also be of high efficiency; practical, feasible, and realistic in accordance with the nature of the organisation(www.go2hr). According to Hutchinson(2004) An effective training strategy should be to retain the best people in the organisation, and the Training Strategy should do this by balancing its corporate needs and providing the right level of employee development incentives to their staff, employees are the money maker of any organisation, they provide support and service if they feel that they are not valued by the organisation than the company would not be able to gain their target success, that is why it is e xtremely important that employees who are excelling in their role are provided for well during their time with their organisations. According to Truelove(2006) in any job role motivation is important factor in order for an employee perform towards their employer expectations. It is a complex matter because poor motivation may be due to many things such as boredom, lack of challenge, a feeling of being unappreciated. From the Victor Vrooms perspective in the motivation there are three variables which he calls valance, expectancy and instrumentality. Valance is important during motivating the people; it can be positive, neutral or negative personalities and circumstance will affect the perception of the outcome. In a training situation the perception is varied by person to person, may be highly valued by one person but no value for other. Expectancy is the belief that the individual has that he or she can achieve the outcome. The person will not feel motivated to do something if they feel that it is beyond them. So it is important to organise the training program which will help to raise expectancy level which will help to being able to achieve target. Instrumentality situation is linked to the expected outcome which can be actually achieved depend on the management promised. Its necessary to organise the course that will lead the employee towards their dream job. So in order for an organisation to benefit from its Trainings Strategy, organisations have to apply motivation dependent on the level of creativity and fun within the different job roles in their organisation. Examples may include fringe benefits, bonuses, and performance related pay. A Training Strategy can only be successfully implemented if an employee have the right knowledge understanding of the Training Strategy and has the development and training given to them. Benefits of Training According to the journal of Development and Learning in Organizations(2002)Global petrochemical group BP found that lack of training means lack of commitment. Few years ago when they look at their staff performance they found out that the turnover is nearly hundred people but the morality was low. People are not as loyal and dedicated they should be. Then the management decide to do a survey and they discover that lack of training is the main reason behind the poor performance. Taking into account this factor BP initiated a training program adding a NVQÂ  [1]Â  programme which attracts most employees and makes them committed to the programme. Its not only increase the employees pe